GRADE NINE: UNITED STATES STUDIES TO 1900 This program of study follows the evolution of the Constitution as a living document and the role of participatory democracy in the development of a rapidly changing technological society. This study of the United States is an examination of the formative years from the Pre-Columbian civilizations to its transformation as a dominant political and economic influence in the world. Special emphasis is placed on how the challenges of settling expansive and widely-differing environments were met by a diverse population. West Virginia teachers are responsible for analyzing the benefits of technology for learning and for integrating technology appropriately in the students’ learning environment. See the related grade-level Technology Standards and Objectives.
All materials at this grade level (1) be research based and theory driven; (2) incorporate basic, accurate information that is developmentally appropriate; (3) use interactive activities that actively engage students; (4) provide students with opportunities to model and practice relevant skills; (5) develop higher order thinking opportunities; and (6) be based on national standards. The instructional materials should provide students with opportunities to:
A. CITIZENSHIP
1. compare and contrast various citizens’ responses to controversial government actions. (SS.9.1.1; 9.3.4)
2. explain the importance of the fundamental democratic values and principles of the United States constitutional democracy upon various groups. (SS.9.1.2)
Individuals
Communities
Nations
X
3. evaluate negative and positive aspects of decisions made by government. (SS.9.1.3)
X
4. explain how citizens interacting with one another monitor and influence their government. (SS.9.1.4)
X
5. evaluate ways conflicts can be resolved in a cooperative, peaceful manner that respects individual rights and promotes the common good. (SS.9.1.5)
X
evaluate, take and defend positions on issues in which fundamental democratic values and principles are in conflict. (SS.9.1.6)
Liberty and equality
Individual rights and the common good
Majority rule/minority rights
X
analyze citizenship. (SS.9.1.7; 9.1.8; 9.1.11)
Types
Characteristics
Responsibilities
Privileges and rights
X
B. CIVICS/GOVERNMENT
1. identify and describe the fundamental democratic principles and values in core American documents and identify the discrepancies between the ideals and realities. (SS.9.2.1; 9.5.8; 9.2.10)
Mayflower Compact
Declaration of Independence
State constitutions
Constitution and the Bill of Rights
X
2. identify fundamental American democratic principles using primary sources and significant political speeches and writings. (SS.9.2.2)
X
3. explain the development of representative democracy in the United States and analyze how powers are acquired, used and justified. (SS.9.2.3; 9.5.22)
X
(Vendor/Publisher)
SPECIFIC LOCATION
OF CONTENT WITHIN
PRODUCT
I = In-depth
A = Adequate
M = Minimal
N = Nonexistent
(IMR Committee)
RESPONSES
I A M N
4. summarize documents and philosophies that are the basis for representative democracy in the United States. (SS.9.2.4)
Greek
Roman
John Locke
Magna Carta
English Bill of Rights
X
5. analyze and explain the three branches of the federal government (legislative, executive, judicial). (SS.9.2.5)
Organization and function
Separation of powers
Checks and balances
X
6. explain the steps required to amend the United States Constitution. (SS.9.2.6)
X
7. analyze the presidential election process, the continued use of the Electoral College and the order of presidential succession. (SS.9.2.7)
X
8. explain federalism and give examples of shared, delegated, reserved, and implied powers. (SS.9.2.8)
X
9. summarize the Constitution and the Amendments. (SS.9.2.9)
X
10. evaluate the degree to which public policies and citizen behaviors reflect or foster the stated ideals of a democratic, republican form of government. (SS.9.2.11)
X
11. evaluate, take and defend positions about functions of political leadership and the importance of public service in American democracy. (SS.9.2.12)
X
C. ECONOMICS
1. determine the relationship between production and consumption and the law of supply and demand. (SS.9.3.1)
X
2. examine the role of the United States government in banking, finance and monetary systems. (SS.9.3.2)
X
3. describe how the United States economic system changed from mercantilism to free enterprise capitalism. (SS.9.3.3)
X
4. analyze the labor movement as an outgrowth of industrialism. (SS.9.3.5)
X
(Vendor/Publisher)
SPECIFIC LOCATION
OF CONTENT WITHIN
PRODUCT
I = In-depth
A = Adequate
M = Minimal
N = Nonexistent
(IMR Committee)
RESPONSES
I A M N
5. explain the basic components of economic systems. (SS.9.3.6)
Capitalism
Socialism
Communism
X
6. identify and analyze the role of market factors in the settlement of the United States and the development of the free enterprise system. (SS.9.3.7)
X
7. analyze the effects of foreign trade and tariff policies of the United States. (SS.9.3.8)
X
D. GEOGRAPHY
1. analyze the role of mental maps in the movement of people across the United States. (SS.9.4.3)
X
2. evaluate the effects of population growth on urbanization. (SS.9.4.5)
X
3. interpret how people express their attachment to places and regions through media and literature. (SS.9.4.6)
X
4. analyze the relationship of Native American cultures to their physical environment. (SS.9.4.8)
X
5. describe geographic differences that contributed to economic development and regionalism prior to the Civil War. (SS.9.4.9)
X
6. explain settlement, population patterns and the growth of service centers. (SS.9.4.11)
X
7. analyze the impact of the environment on immigration and settlement patterns. (SS.9.4.12)
X
8. describe socioeconomic changes that occur in regions that experience population change. (SS.9.4.13)
X
9. analyze and explain the human impact on the environment throughout the American experience. (SS.9.4.14)
X
10. analyze ways in which physical and human features have influenced the evolution of significant historic events and movements. (SS.9.4.15)
X
E. HISTORY
1. describe life in America before the 17th century. (SS.9.5.1)
X
(Vendor/Publisher)
SPECIFIC LOCATION
OF CONTENT WITHIN
PRODUCT
I = In-depth
A = Adequate
M = Minimal
N = Nonexistent
(IMR Committee)
RESPONSES
I A M N
2. analyze and explain the contacts that occurred between Native Americans and European settlers during the age of discovery. (SS.9.5.2)
X
3. trace the roots and evaluate early explorations of America and describe the attraction of the New World to Europeans. (SS.9.5.3)
Religious
Social
Political
Economic
X
4. explain and sequence the effects of European empire building and explain how it led to the American Revolution. (SS.9.5.4)
X
5. identify and explain problems between the British government and the American colonies. (SS.9.5.5)
Sovereignty of Parliament
Taxation
Trade restrictions
X
6. analyze the content of the Declaration of Independence. (SS.9.5.6)
X
7. analyze and explain causes and effects/consequences of the wars in America and sequence their major events. (SS.9.5.7; 9.5.18; 9.5.23)
French and Indian War
Revolutionary War
War of 1812
Civil War/Reconstruction
X
X
X
X
8. identify the Constitution as a response to the political, economic and social conditions that existed after the American Revolution. (SS.9.5.9)
X
9. explain the major challenges faced by the framers of the Constitution and describe the compromises reached at the Constitutional Convention. (SS.9.5.10)
X
10. evaluate the effects of nationalism on the constitutional, political, economic, and foreign policy issues faced by the United States in its formative years. (SS.9.5.11)
X
11. identify and explain the impact of major United States Supreme Court decisions. (SS.9.5.12)
Marbury v. Madison
McCollough v. Maryland
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
X
(Vendor/Publisher)
SPECIFIC LOCATION
OF CONTENT WITHIN
PRODUCT
I = In-depth
A = Adequate
M = Minimal
N = Nonexistent
(IMR Committee)
RESPONSES
I A M N
12. explain the growth and change in the United States from 1801 to 1861. (SS.9.5.13; 9.5.14)
Exploration
Settlement
Admission of new states
X
13. assess the effects of United States policies on Native Americans. (SS.9.5.15)
X
14. describe the institution of slavery and its effect on political, economic and social development of the United States. (SS.9.5.16)
X
15. compare and contrast the political, economic and social conditions in the United States before and after the Civil War. (SS.9.5.17)
X
16. describe the effects of technological change on the United States. (SS.9.4.7; 9.5.19)
Agriculture
Transportation
Industry/labor
Quality of life
X
17. describe the influence and impact of diverse cultures on United States society and their assimilation into American life. (SS.9.5.21)
X
18. analyze and describe reform movements. (SS.9.5.20)
Women’s rights
Minorities
Temperance
Prisons/hospitals/schools
X
F. SKILLS
FOUNDATION CRITERIA
1. integrate the five strands of Social Studies.
X
2. be successful based on individual needs and abilities.
X
3. use multiple intelligence strategies.
X
4. respond to expanded questioning strategies.
X
5. integrate reading strategies/techniques using Social Studies content.
X
6. practice reflective thinking.
X
7. integrate Social Studies material/content across the curriculum.
X
8. apply contextual learning concepts.
X
9. develop discriminating memory.
X
(Vendor/Publisher)
SPECIFIC LOCATION
OF CONTENT WITHIN
PRODUCT
I = In-depth
A = Adequate
M = Minimal
N = Nonexistent
(IMR Committee)
RESPONSES
I A M N
10. understand and manage change and continuity.
X
11. develop historical empathy.
X
12. analyze the complexity of history.
X
13. engage as active learners.
X
14. practice workplace process skills.
X
15. understand cultural diversity.
X
BASIC SKILLS IN SOCIAL STUDIES
1. locate, access, analyze, organize, sequence, synthesize, and evaluate information and make reasoned judgments.
X
2. analyze and interpret information and draw conclusions from maps, charts, graphs, timelines, and tables.
X
3. participate in discussion, defense of positions, and debate.
X
4. integrate writing (e.g., creative, self-expression, journaling), reflection and metacognition.
X
5. read a variety of sources for historical understanding and perspective.
X
6. read a variety of print sources for critical understanding.
X
7. learn and use vocabulary, terms and terminology essential for understanding Social Studies.
X
8. listen to information to gain knowledge and follow directions.
X
SKILLS IN CITIZENSHIP
1. participate in activities of school, community and nation.
X
2. resolve conflicts peacefully.
X
3. participate in volunteer projects.
X
4. evaluate, take and defend positions.
X
5. interact with, monitor and influence government at all levels.
