Unit 1
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
____ 1. A mission statement is a written declaration by a fire agency describing the things that it intends to do to protect its citizenry or customers.
____ 2. In England, little or no attention was paid to the idea of fire insurance until the Great Fire in 1666.
____ 3. The number of experienced firefighters increased dramatically as a result of the Civil War.
____ 4. The first fire alarm was designed by San Francisco firefighter Daniel Hayes.
____ 5. Technological obsolescence means that any given technology will only be useful for a certain period of time before it is replaced by another.
____ 6. Fire agencies all have an organizational structure, an inventory of facilities, apparatus, equipment, and methods for responding to emergencies.
____ 7. Around 1752, John Hancock started up his own insurance company, the Philadelphia Contributorship.
____ 8. Fire was seldom used as a weapon of war in the colonies during the two wars fought over independence.
____ 9. After World War I, a whole generation of fire apparatus arose that consisted of hybrids of steam power and internal combustion.
____ 10. In some areas, fire and rescue services may be provided by private, for-profit companies.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 1. EMS stands for ____.
a. emergency medical squadron b. emergency medical services c. electronic medical support d. enriched medical support
____ 2. The ancient myth of ____ was based on the consequences of fire.
a. the Phoenix b. Prometheus c. the Vigiles d. Vesta
____ 3. The first record of a truly organized fire department began with actions taken by the ____ Empire to protect their capital.
a. Athenian b. Persian c. British d. Roman
____ 4. During the Middle Ages, arson remained a serious crime even though the punishment was to be ____.
a. burned alive b. hanged c. imprisoned d. exiled
____ 5. Early insurance companies marked the occupancies they protected with signs on sheets of metal called ____.
a. blazons b. Maltese crosses c. firemarks d. policies
____ 6. In Boston, in the early 1700s, designated people known as fire ____ were hired to make as much noise as possible upon spotting a fire.
a. crusaders b. marshals c. wardens d. chiefs
____ 7. Around 1752, ____, following European practice, started up his own insurance company, the Philadelphia Contributorship, in concert with other Philadelphians.
a. Benjamin Franklin b. George Washington c. Samuel Adams d. John Hancock
____ 8. The American ____ was developed by Andrew Gratacap.
a. fire truck b. hand pumper c. ladder d. fire helmet
____ 9. In the 1800s, the foreman’s ____ became the icon of authority within the fire service.
a. uniform b. pump c. trumpet d. helmet
____ 10. The ____ breed of dog was originally developed as a companion for horses, to calm them and chase away any small animals in their path.
a. collie b. Dalmatian c. German shepherd d. Labrador retriever
____ 11. After the ____ War, military terminology became increasingly common in the fire service.
a. Civil b. Revolutionary c. Seven Years’ d. Vietnam
____ 12. The first fire alarm systems were created in the ____.
a. 1820s b. 1870s c. 1920s d. 1950s
____ 13. In the late 1890s, the insurance industry almost went bankrupt. As a result, they formed the ____.
a. NFPA b. NAFE c. LAFD d. NBFU
____ 14. The most modern of pumpers is the ____ engine company.
a. triple combination b. double combination c. internal combustion d. hydraulics powered
____ 15. After World War I, ____ became the power source of choice.
a. hydrogen fuel cells b. Stirling engines c. internal combustion engines d. horses
____ 16. ____ is how long it takes for 50% of the information a firefighter has to become obsolete, inaccurate, or ineffective.
a. Information half-life b. Technological obsolescence c. Modernization d. Indirect attack
____ 17. During World War II, research performed by Fire Chief Lloyd Layman resulted in the development of the ____ attack method.
a. direct b. indirect c. sustained d. modern
____ 18. The first catastrophic hazardous materials event in America was the ____.
a. Chicago Fire b. ICS Fire c. Texas City Disaster d. Wingspread Disaster
____ 19. According to the United States Fire Administration, a fire department in this country responds to a fire approximately every ____ seconds.
a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20
____ 20. Fire kills ____.
a. primarily when it is a result of terrorist attacks b. someone in the United States on average every 10 hours c. fewer Americans than hurricanes do d. more Americans than all natural disasters combined
____ 21. A(n) ____ is a written declaration by a fire agency describing the things that it intends to do to protect its citizenry or customers.
a. mission statement b. local act c. BLS d. ALS
____ 22. The Greeks believed that fire was given to common humans as a gift by one of their gods, ____.
a. the Phoenix b. Prometheus c. Athena d. Zeus
____ 23. Europe was not to see any dedicated fire forces for ____ years after the collapse of the Roman Empire.
a. 100 b. 500 c. 750 d. 1,000
____ 24. Most of the early settlements in America were constructed of ____ buildings and were extremely vulnerable to fire spread.
a. straw b. brick c. wooden d. mud
____ 25. From the beginning of the 1800s to about 1850 many advances were made in fire protection, but almost all of the emphasis was on ____.
a. fire suppression b. community organization c. fire prevention d. structural integrity
____ 26. The early American volunteer fire companies were often made up of ____.
a. carpenters b. engineers c. smiths d. soldiers
____ 27. In the 1800s, the leader of a fire company was known as a ____.
a. Hessian b. foreman c. speaker d. rowdy
____ 28. After the Civil War, most of the steamers were so heavy they had to be pulled by teams of ____.
a. firefighters b. horses c. oxen d. buffalo
____ 29. The first ____ apparatus, a spring-loaded device, was designed by San Francisco firefighter Daniel Hayes.
a. hydraulic b. alarm c. engineering d. aerial
____ 30. Career firefighters banded together to form a(n) ____, the International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF).
a. social club b. research and development team c. labor union d. engineering firm
____ 31. Aerial ladders were converted from horse drawn with the advent of ____ systems.
a. electric b. manpower c. hydraulic d. pneumatic
____ 32. Technological ____ means that any given technology will only be useful for a certain period of time before it is replaced by another.
a. half-life b. obsolescence c. state of the art d. modernization
____ 33. The 1970s saw the creation of the incident command system through the activity of the ____ project.
a. NFPA b. FireScope c. Texas City d. Wingspread
____ 34. Hurricane ____ in 2005 tested the mettle of the fire service in ways that were totally different than events in the past, especially with respect to the ability to sustain operations for long periods of time.
a. Camille b. Andrew c. Opal d. Katrina
____ 35. ____ kill(s) more Americans than all natural disasters combined.
a. Tornadoes b. Earthquakes c. Hurricanes d. Fire
____ 36. The attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, ____, shed new light on the fire service by demonstrating that firefighters are not immune from the horrible acts of terrorists.
a. 2001 b. 2002 c. 2003 d. 2004
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