The topics of study in this packet are
Download 67.38 Kb.
|
| THE TOPICS OF STUDY IN THIS PACKET ARE:
• THE AGE OF ABSOLUTISM (DIVINE MONARCHS) – 1) Louis XIV (the fourteenth) – France Phillip II – Spain Akbar the Great - India Suleiman the Magnificent (Suleiman I) – Ottoman Empire 2) Peter the Great – Russia • LIMITED (CONSTITUTIONAL) MONARCHY (THE DEVELOPMENT OF PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY) IN ENGLAND The Magna Carta (1215) The Petition of Right (1628) The Habeas Corpus Act (1670) The Glorious Revolution (1688) The English Bill of Rights (1689) THE AGE OF ABSOLUTISM (DIVINE MONARCHS) (divided into 2 parts) PART 1: Louis XIV (the fourteenth) – France Phillip II – Spain Suleiman the Magnificent (Suleiman I) – Ottoman Empire • Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they had been given their power to govern from God. This theory justifying a monarch’s rule by God’s authority is called the theory of DIVINE RIGHT. • From the 15th to the 18th centuries, absolute monarchs of Europe and Asia sought to CENTRALIZE their political power. (During the Age of Absolutism [1600s and 1700s], European monarchs tried to centralize political power within their nations.) • Absolute monarchs determined government policies without the consent of their people • The Global Regents Exam frequently quotes Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet’s writings in support of DIVINE RIGHT. Bossuet’s writing describes the power held by Louis XIV. • Divine Right (Absolute) Monarchs who have been cited on the Global Regents Exam: King Louis XIV – France LOUIS XIV is credited with saying “L état, cest moi” (I am the state). Louis XIV promoted culture by supporting the arts. He drained France’s treasury by building the palace at Versailles and involving France in costly wars. Phillip II – Spain Phillip II gained much wealth from Spain’s overseas empire in the Americas. He waged war against the Protestants and lost.
Suleiman held complete religious and political power. A common goal of Philip II of Spain and Louis XIV of France was to maintain absolute power. One similarity in the rule of Peter the Great, Suleiman I, and Louis XIV is that each leader expanded his territory. Niccolò Machiavelli in The Prince and Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan both advocated that a ruler should employ absolute power to maintain order in the areas under their rule. 1. A common goal of Philip II of Spain and Louis XIV of France was to (1) spread Calvinism (2) promote political revolutions (3) maintain absolute power (4) isolate their nations 2. From the 15th to the 18th centuries, absolute monarchs of Europe and Asia sought to (1) increase the power of the Catholic Church (2) centralize their political power (3) redistribute land to the peasants (4) strengthen feudalism 3. Which person is credited with saying “L’état, c’est moi” (I am the state)? (1) Louis XIV (2) John Locke (3) Karl Marx (4) Queen Isabella Base your answers to the following two questions on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.
royal power acts simultaneously throughout the kingdom. It holds the whole kingdom in position just as God holds the whole world. If God were to withdraw his hand, the entire world would return to nothing: if authority ceases in the kingdom, all lapses into confusion. . . . — Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet
(1) divine right rule (2) parliamentary democracy (3) Marxism (4) totalitarianism
(1) Industrial Revolution (2) Agricultural Revolution (3) Age of Imperialism (4) Age of Absolutism
(1) A
(2) B (3) C
(4) D 7. Which nation was most likely governed by Speaker D? (1) Russia (2) France (3) Spain (4) England
(1) limited monarchy (2) absolute monarchy (3) direct democracy (4) constitutional democracy
about royal authority. You have seen a great nation united under one man: you have seen his sacred power, paternal and absolute: you have seen that secret reason which directs the body politic, enclosed in one head: you have seen the image of God in kings, and you will have the idea of majesty of kingship. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, power itself, reason itself. In these things consists the divine majesty. In their reflection consists the majesty of the prince. . . .— Jacques-Benigne Bossuet
(1) oligarchy (3) democracy (2) fascism (4) divine right
authority is called (1) laissez faire (2) totalitarianism (3) predestination (4) divine right 11. One similarity in the rule of Peter the Great, Suleiman I, and Louis XIV is that each leader
(1) shared power with a legislature (2) practiced religious toleration (3) expanded his territory (4) decreased the amount of taxes collected 12. Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they (1) needed to defend their nations against threats from the Western Hemisphere (2) thought that all people should have the right to a good ruler (3) had been given their power to govern from God (4) thought that communism was the superior political system 13. King Louis XIV of France, Peter the Great of Russia, and Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire were all considered absolute rulers because they (1) broke from the Roman Catholic Church (2) helped feudal lords build secure castles (3) instituted programs that provided more power to their parliaments (4) determined government policies without the consent of their people
(1) increase individual rights for their citizens (2) develop stronger relations with Islamic rulers (3) encourage the growth of collective farms (4) centralize political power within their nations
He thus becomes a tyrant, a criminal who forfeits his rights to the obedience of his subjects, who may now exercise their right to rebel and form a new compact.” Speaker D: “The ruling authority in the state, the sovereign, must have supreme power, or society will collapse and the anarchy of the state of nature will return.” 15. Which two speakers would support absolutism? (1) A and D (2) B and C (3) C and D (4) A and B
(1) “The government that governs best, governs least.” (2) “I am the state.” (3) “The government must be based on a sound constitution.” (4) “It is the parliament that must make the laws.”
I. ________________________________ A. Louis XIV B. Phillip II C. Henry VIII
(2) Supporters of Democracy (3) Religious Reformers (4) Leaders of the Crusades 18. Niccolò Machiavelli in The Prince and Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan both advocated that a ruler should (1) obtain power from a social contract with the governed (2) place the needs of subjects first (3) apply Christian teachings to all decisions (4) employ absolute power to maintain order in the areas under their rule 19. The primary goal of most of Europe’s absolute monarchs was to (1) support political freedom for the new middle classes (2) prevent contact with areas beyond Europe’s borders (3) centralize their political control over their nations (4) maintain peaceful relations with neighboring nations
—Bishop Jacques Bossuet 20. This statement describes the philosophy that existed during the (1) Enlightenment (2) Age of Absolutism (3) Renaissance (4) Industrial Revolution
(1) John Locke (2) Karl Marx (3) Elizabeth II (4) Louis XIV
•Charles I stormed the English Parliament. •Peter the Great expanded serfdom in Russia.
(1) scientific theory (2) natural rights (3) mercantilism (4) absolutism
PART 2: Peter the Great • Peter the Great SPREAD (EXPANDED) SERFDOM in Russia. • Peter the Great WESTERNIZED RUSSIA (He tried to modernize [westernize] Russian society by incorporating western technology.) He forced the Russian nobility to adopt Western culture. He demanded that boyars (Russian nobles) shave their beards and replace their old-fashioned robes with Western-style clothes. • One similarity between the rule of Peter the Great of Russia and that of Akbar the Great of India was that both leaders modernized and expanded their empires using ideas from other cultures. • The topography and climate of Russia have caused Russian rulers (Peter the Great, Catherine the Great) to seek access to WARM-WATER PORTS. Peter the Great established the warm-water port of St. Petersburg on the Baltic Sea. • One similarity in the rule of Peter the Great, Suleiman I, and Louis XIV is that each leader expanded his territory. 23. The topography and climate of Russia have caused Russia to (1) depend on rice as its main source of food (2) seek access to warm-water ports (3) adopt policies of neutrality and isolation (4) acquire mineral-rich colonies on other continents 24. One similarity in the rule of Peter the Great, Suleiman I, and Louis XIV is that each leader
(1) shared power with a legislature (2) practiced religious toleration (3) expanded his territory (4) decreased the amount of taxes collected 106-23
(1) access to inland cities (2) more mineral resources (3) extensive canal systems (4) warm-water ports
(1) broke from the Roman Catholic Church (2) helped feudal lords build secure castles (3) instituted programs that provided more power to their parliaments (4) determined government policies without the consent of their people
nation?
(1) England (3) France (2) Russia (4) Egypt 104-19
(1) conform to Asian social values (2) adopt Western culture (3) prepare for military battle (4) bow to pressures from the Ottoman Empire
Shall break a window to the West. . . Here flags of foreign nations all By waters new to them will call. . . .” — Alexander Pushkin, The Bronze Horseman
(1) Ivan the Terrible (2) Peter the Great (3) Catherine the Great (4) Nicholas II
(1) westernization (2) isolationism (3) appeasement (4) balance of power politics
(1) implemented strict religious codes of conduct within their nations (2) modernized and expanded their empires using ideas from other cultures (3) relied on peaceful resolutions of conflicts with neighboring peoples (4) introduced democratic ideas into their political systems
•Peter the Great established St. Petersburg on the Baltic Sea. •Mesoamericans relied on terrace farming.
(1) impact of geography on human activity (2) failure of people to adjust to their environment (3) effect of geographic isolation on different societies (4) movement from a traditional to a command economy
•Charles I stormed the English Parliament. •Peter the Great expanded serfdom in Russia.
(1) scientific theory (2) natural rights (3) mercantilism (4) absolutism
Part 3: LIMITED (CONSTITUTIONAL) MONARCHY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY IN ENGLAND • A limited (constitutional) monarchy is a government headed by a monarch, but the monarch’s power is defined and limited by law. • The Magna Carta - (a list of feudal rights that limited the power of King John during the Middle Ages) – 1215 • The Petition of Right - (prohibited Charles I from raising taxes without Parliament’s consent or jailing anyone without legal justification) – 1628 • The Habeas Corpus Act - (Habeas corpus is the principle that no person can be held in prison without first being charged with a specific crime. The Habeas Corpus Act was passed during the rule of Charles II.) – 1670 • The Glorious Revolution - (the bloodless overthrow of James II [who had inherited the throne from his brother, Charles II] and the installation of William and Mary as monarchs) – 1688 • The English Bill of Rights ALL of these documents / events LIMITED THE POWER of the English monarchy. (They strengthened the principles of limited government.) 31. • Parliament offered the throne to King William and Queen Mary. • Catholic King James II fled England for France. • Parliament agreed to joint rule with the monarch.
(1) Crusades (2) French Revolution (3) Glorious Revolution (4) Reconquistasociety
(1) Magna Carta (2) Twelve Tables (3) Justinian Code (4) Rig Veda
(1) limit the power of English monarchs (2) establish laws protecting the rights of Protestants (3) organize England’s colonial empire (4) abolish the role of Parliament
are similar is that each (1) strengthened the power of the pope (2) led to the exploration of Africa (3) limited the power of the English monarchy (4) settled religious conflicts 35. • Magna Carta signed by King John • Habeas Corpus Act passed during the rule of Charles II • Bill of Rights agreed to by William and Mary
(2) limited the power of the monarch (3) provided universal suffrage (4) supported divine right theory Directory: ourpages -> auto -> 2012 2012 -> Islamic Civilization Review Sheet 2012 -> Name U. S. History / 20 points 2012 -> Review 2 past ap questions 2012 -> Test Unit 6: The Gilded Age (1865 – 1900) part I 2012 -> Summer Reading Assignment 2012 -> Name Ms. K. Demircanli 2012 -> Unit #3: Revolution and the New Nation 2012 -> Setting: Time: 1941- 1945 Place: The story starts in the town of Sighet, in Hungarian Transylvania. Then Eliezer and his family are forced to go to several concentration camps in Europe: Auschwitz/ Birkenau (in Poland) 2012 -> Ap us history Individual/Group Study Projects 2012 -> Thematic essay question Download 67.38 Kb. Share with your friends:
|
