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Storage requires a smart grid to be completed first to be used effectively – they’re still putting the cart before the horse
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Storage requires a smart grid to be completed first to be used effectively – they’re still putting the cart before the horseWang, 12 – Technology Manager for Energy & Environmental Resources Group (W. Maria, “Chapter 5: Prospects for Renewable Energy: Meeting the Challenges of Integration with Storage” Smart Grid Integrating Renewable, Distributed & Efficient Energy, Science Direct) As the fastest growing renewable energy sources worldwide, solar PV and wind power are gaining a stronghold in the electric grids of the United States and the world. The issues surrounding their intermittency need to be addressed so that this growth can be sustained, especially in the context of integration with smart grids that are being planned and deployed. Variations in energy output at 20–30% penetration levels of renewables may cause reliability problems in the electric grid, such as voltage fluctuations, and require a significant amount of reserves for capacity firming. The challenge of renewable resource intermittency can be met using a variety of energy storage technologies in lieu of conventional generators. The energy storage capacity for renewable generation varies from kW to hundreds of MW, depending on whether it will be used for power or energy management, (e.g., frequency regulation or capacity firming). The optimal technologies for addressing renewable energy integration will be application-specific and will scale with the size of variable generation, ranging from pumped hydropower and CAES for centralized, bulk storage at PV plants and wind farms to batteries and electric vehicles for distributed storage near rooftop PV installations. The increasing amount of distributed renewables has triggered an evolution from centralized to distributed storage. Smart grid deployment is facilitating this transition since integration of distributed storage requires more intelligent control, advanced power electronics, and two-way communication. Both central and distributed energy storage are required for source-load matching in a smart grid with high levels of renewable penetration. A cost-benefit analysis needs to be done to determine whether certain storage applications should address the supply or demand side. Directory: download -> Michigan -> Allen-Pappas+Neg Michigan -> The interest convergence framework is offense against their movements claims at all levels of analysis—the Black Panthers proves. Delgado ’02 Michigan -> Interpretation – Financial incentives must be positively linked to rewards – they cannot be negative Harris, 89 Michigan -> R8 neg v michigan state cz 1nc Michigan -> Doubles—Neg vs Wake lw 1NC Michigan -> Round 1—Neg vs nyu gz 1NC Michigan -> Indefinite detention means holding enemy combatants until the cessation of hostilities – authority for it is codified in the ndaa Michigan -> Round 2 v. Wake 1nc Michigan -> Global nuclear expansion now – dozens of countries Allen-Pappas+Neg -> Michigan ap – nu 2013 r1 neg v concordia nw Allen-Pappas+Neg -> Michigan ap wake forest 2012 neg speeches round 2 neg v george washington bs 1nc Off Download 0.5 Mb. Share with your friends:
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