Securing Diversity:
A Review of Will Kymlicka’s Multicultural Citizenship
Von der Philosophischen Fakultät
der Technischen Universität Chemnitz
genehmigte
Dissertation
zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades
doctor philosophiae
(Dr. phil.)
vorgelegt von Frau Allana Haist, M. A. (Applied Ethics)
geboren am 23. 04. 1978
in Hamilton, Ontario, Kanada
Kairo, den 9. Dezember 2013
Vorsitz der Prüfungskommission: Prof. Dr. Klaus Stolz
Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Alfons Söllner
Prof. Dr. Ulrike Brummert
Prüfer: Prof. Dr. Alfons Söllner
Prof. Dr. Beate Neuß
Tag der Einreichung: 19. 9. 2011
Tag der Verteidigung: 14. 12. 2011
Bibliographische Beschreibung: Haist, Allana: “ Securing Diversity: A Review of Will Kymlicka’s Multicultural Citizenship”, Dissertation, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 2011. 316 Seiten, 1 Abbildung, 0 Tabellen.
URL:
Table of Contents
Introduction 6
Liberalism and Multiculturalism in the Balance 15
Chapter 1
The Value of Culture 16
The Death of “Grand Narratives” 17
The Priority of the Good 18
The Falling to Pieces of Liberalism 21
Flaws in the Communitarian Critique 30
Chapter 2
In Defense of Liberalism 37
Sociological Case for (and against) Cultural Liberalism 38
Theoretical Cases For (and Against) Cultural Liberalism 41
Chapter 3
Kymlicka: Between Choice and Culture 51
Culture as a Precondition of Choice 51
Internal vs. External Restrictions 53
“Soft” Communitarianism 55
The Disadvantages of Minority Cultures 56
What does Equality mean? 58
Cultural Compensation 58
The Key Difference between Choice and Circumstance 59
What this Amounts to: Cultural Rights as Defined by Kymlicka 61
In Sum 65
Societal Cultures and the Boundaries of Nationalism 68
Chapter 4
What do Societal Cultures mean? 69
Kymlicka: Societal Cultures should be Endorsed 70
The Risk of Monoculturalism 71
Institutionalized Culture as Liberation 82
The Difficulties posed by Societal Cultures 115
Chapter 5
Understanding or Misunderstanding Nationalism? 122
Theories of Nationalism 124
The Janus-faced Nature of Nation 136
An Attempt to Liberalize the Nation 147
Who is a Member of Nation? 150
Kymlicka’s Definition of Liberal Nationalism 152
Heritage, Cultural Community, and Preferentialism 156
The Sanguinity of Liberal Nationalism 159
Misunderstanding Civic Nationalism 166
Inter-National Politics 169
Chapter 6
Challenges Posed by Kymlicka’s Theory 172
Circular Logic 173
Paradoxes 174
Monoculturalism 178
Putting Theory into Practice 184
Illiberal Leanings 185
Rethinking Nationalism 195
Multicultural Citizenship Beyond Borders 203
Chapter 7
The Unbundling of Difference and Domination 204
The Democratization of Boundaries and Citizenship 207
The Political Economy of Culture 224
Power-Sharing as a Vehicle for Peace 234
Chapter 8
Multicultural Citizenship Redefined 252
Kymlicka’s Key Contributions 252
Areas of Consideration for Kymlicka 258
The Path Forward for Multiculturalism and Group Rights 264
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Abstract
Will Kymlicka’s seminal work on Multicultural Citizenship has done much to advance the case for minority rights worldwide. Agreeing with communitarians that culture is important, yet unwilling to relinquish liberal equality and fairness, Kymlicka builds on John Rawls’s monumental Theory of Justice to show group rights are not only accord with liberalism, but are its true fulfilment. Yet, while Kymlicka’s theory has received accolades for elegantly tying liberalism and culturalism together theoretically, it has been met with equal scepticism over the tenability of its praxis. In this book, I argue that much of the criticism wielded against Kymlicka’s theory results from his crucial reliance on the definition of societal cultures and the contradictions embedded therein. This is further compounded by the tendency of Kymlicka to neglect his commitment to dynamic culture and liberalism in favour of a monolithic treatment of culture, leading us down the path to illiberal conclusions. I suggest that for Kymlicka’s theory of “Multicultural Citizenship” to embrace a truly vibrant multiculturalism, the theory must overcome its internal contradictions and reaffirm its commitment to a multi-layered and recursive approach to group rights. I shall review the strengths and weaknesses of Kymlicka’s theory set against contemporary debates on the topics of nationalism and minority rights and will suggest how the theory can reduce its inner tensions to embolden its critical support for multiculturalism in Canada and worldwide.
Keywords: Multiculturalism, Group Rights, Kymlicka, Nationalism, Rawls
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