Unit 3 Government Vocabulary Terms
LIMITED GOVERNMENTS:
The following government systems are usually limited in their power over the people…
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Limited Government - People have rights, the governments power is LIMITED usually by a strictly enforced constitution.
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Democracy (Presidential or Parliamentary) – Leaders are voted on (ex USA)
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Republic – a government in which citizens elect leaders to rule on their behalf. (ex USA)
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Constitutional Monarchy – a form of government where a single person is in charge, the power is usually inherited from their parents and they usually rule for life. *There is a set of laws that limits the monarchs power (ex England).
UNLIMITED GOVERNMENTS:
The following government systems are usually unlimited in their power over the people…
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Unlimited Government – The people have few or NO rights. The government power is unlimited and there is usually not a constitution limiting what the government can do to the people.
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Absolute Monarchy – a form of government where a single person is in charge, the power is usually inherited from their parents and they usually rule for life. *There are NO or FEW laws to limit the monarchs power.
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Theocracy – a government headed by religious leaders. The religion is the law. (ex Iran)
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Dictatorship – Usually take and keep power by force. Most dictators come to power after violently overthrowing the previous government.
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Totalitarian Government - a government in which one person or group of people rule a country in which the people have no say. Similar to a dictatorship.
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Single Party-State – The constitution allows only one political party to be in charge.
* possibly but not likely could also fall under “limited”
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Oligarchy – a small group of people hold all of the power in this type of country.
Other government terms to know…
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Oppression - when a group of people (or a person) is mistreated by their government . Usually seen when there are political or religious differences between the government and the people.
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Human Rights - The idea that each person has a basic set of rights (things we are entitled to), the right to life & freedom.
See other side for Economics terms…
Unit 4 Economics Vocabulary Terms
Economic Systems:
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Traditional – no money is exchanged. Oldest economic system, used in poorer countries (ex trade 20 chickens for 2 pigs etc)
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Free Enterprise (Market/Capitalism) - competition among businesses determine the price of products. Some people can get really wealthy under this system, others can become very poor.
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Socialism – The people work together for the common good, equal pay/benefits. Ex school system, police, fire department – everyone pays a different amount of taxes based on their income but all benefit equally.
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Command/Communism – Central government controls all means of production of goods and services. The government benefits the most $$$ under this system.
Other economics terms to know…
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Globalization- similar to diffusion, where we are increasingly more connected to other countries through the internet and importing/exporting items, cultures become more alike as a result.
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Export- a product that is SOLD from one country to another. (Japan exports/sells electronics to America).
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Import-the products that a country BRINGS in/BUYS from another country. America imports/buys electronics from Japan).
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Developed countries/Industrialized nation – Wealthier countries, very industrialized, has a lot of technology, high standard of living, high GDP. “1st World”
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Developing country- Not as wealthy as the country above, lower standard of living, low GDP.
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Less developed nation – Poorer countries, low standard of living, lower GDP. “3rd World”
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GDP(gross domestic product) - The value of only goods and services produced within a country in a period of time. Used to measure a countries wealth. High GDP = Rich Country/Low GDP = Poor Country
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Standard of living –the level of wealth, comfort, material goods & necessities available. High Standard of Living = Rich Country /Low Standard of Living = Poorer Country.
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Renewable resource – A natural resource which can replenish (replace) itself. Sun, soil, water
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Nonrenewable resource – a natural resource that we have limited quantities of, or which we can or may run out of. Gasoline, coal, natural gas are examples.
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