Key Concept 1.2: Contact among Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans resulted in the Columbian Exchange and significant social, cultural, and political changes on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.
I. European expansion into the Western Hemisphere generated intense social, religious, political, and economic competition and changes within European societies.
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A) European nations’ efforts
to explore and conquer the
New World stemmed from
a search for new sources
of wealth, economic and
military competition, and a
desire to spread Christianity.
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B) The Columbian Exchange
brought new crops to
Europe from the Americas,
stimulating European
population growth, and
new sources of mineral
wealth, which facilitated
the European shift from
feudalism to capitalism..
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C) Improvements in maritime
technology and more
organized methods for
conducting international
trade, such as joint-stock
companies, helped drive
changes to economies in
Europe and the Americas.
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