"Indians": Chief Joseph: Nez Perce: George Custer: Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse: Little Bighorn: "Custer's Last Stand" Native American Population: Battle of Wounded Knee: Geronimo: Reservations

1. 
   Windmill:
   

2. 
   Steel Plow:
   

3. 
   Barbed Wire:
   

4. 
   Sod Houses:
   

5. 
   Dry Farming:
   

6. 
   Cattle Farming:
   

Native American people. Named “Indians” by Christopher Columbus.

Tried to lead his tribe to safety in Canada.

He finally surrendered saying, “I will fight no more forever.”

Nez Perce:

Chief Joseph’s people

Colonel who was responsible for “controlling the Indians”

Sioux Indian Chiefs who massacred Custer and his men. Sitting Bull refused to sell the land of his people, known as the Black Hills.

River in Montana where Custer and his men were killed.

Important battle because it was the last victory for the Indians against the “white man” (Battle of Little Bighorn)

reduced due to warfare and disease

also known as the Wounded Knee Massacre. Over 300 Sioux men, women, and children were killed. Last conflict between Native Americans and the United States.

On the run from the settlers, but was the last Native American leader to formally surrender.

Land white men set aside for Native Americans to live. Their homelands were reduced due to broken treaties with the US. Native Americans are not considered citizens until 1924.

The Indians did not like being “forced” to live here.
Adaptations: making changes to adjust to a new environment

Perceptions: your opinion of something before experiencing it (that the Great Plains was a “treeless wasteland”)

The Great Plains: The area in the Central United States used for farming and cattle.

1. Flat, Grassy Land
2. Low Rainfall
3. Frequent Dust Storms
4. Land Eroded by Wind and Water

• 
  Previously it was thought of as a vast (large and wide) “treeless wasteland”
  

7. 
   Windmill:
   

Used to water crops.

8. 
   Steel Plow:
   

9. 
   Barbed Wire:
   

10. 
    Sod Houses:
    

11. 
    Dry Farming:
    

• 
  planting wheat, which needs less water than other crops
  
• 
  planting the seeds deeper into the soil where the dirt is more moist
  

12. 
    Cattle Farming: