I. The Road to the War of 1812

Spark

Spark

American

American

American

American

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  French & Indian War; British replacement of Salutary Neglect with Parliamentary Sovereignty;
  
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  Taxation policies (Grenville & Townshend Acts); Conflicts (Boston Massacre & Tea Party, Intolerable Acts, Lexington & Concord)
  

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  Common Sense & Declaration of Indep
  

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  British refusal to recognize American neutrality & trade rights in Europe during times of war with France; British impressment of U.S. sailors; The failure of American diplomacy & trade restrictions (Embargo Act of 1807, Non-Intercourse Act, 1809)
  

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  The failure of Macon’s Bill #2 & pressure by War Hawks
  

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  Use its superior army & navy to defeat the Continental Army in a decisive battle; Rally Southern loyalists to oppose the war
  

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  Avoid a decisive battle; Guerilla warfare tactics with colonial militias; Ally with the French
  

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  3-pronged attack through Canada, Chesapeake, & New Orleans; Blockade the U.S. coast
  

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  Fight the British in Canada
  

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  Superior military, better generals, more manufacturing…BUT had long supply lines & did not know the terrain well
  

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  Fighting for independence, colonial unity, did not have to win a decisive battle…BUT had an inferior military
  

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  Superior military…BUT England was also engaged in war with France that limited its ability to send resources to America
  

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  Strong patriotism…BUT weak military, small national gov’t, unwilling to raise taxes to fund war
  

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  Bunker Hill proved that the American colonists were willing to fight a full-scale war
  

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  Saratoga—the American “victory” allowed the French to commit as allies
  

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  Yorktown—the surrender of British general Cornwallis effectively ended the fighting
  

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  Plattsburg, NY—the Americans turned away the British attack via Canada
  

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  Chesapeake—the British burned D.C.
  

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  New Orleans—the Americans “defeated” the British & led to feelings of victory in the War of 1812
  

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  Social changes: eliminated the idea of an American aristocracy, abolitionist sentiment grew, Republican Motherhood
  

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  States created written constitutions
  

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  The Articles of Confederation were adopted
  

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  Ended all Indian-British alliances in western lands
  
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  Scared Spain into signing the Adams-Onis Treaty in 1819
  
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  The lack of Federalist loyalty was the fatal blow to the party