Geography
Where is the civilization?
What were some of the key geographical features or landforms in this area?
How did the location of this place affect its development?
How was movement a part of this civilization? What sort of crops can they grow? What natural resources do they have?
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Ancient Greece is located in southeastern Europe.
Ancient Greece is a peninsula which is surrounded by the Mediterranean, Aegean, and Ionian Seas.
Greece is very mountainous (has a lot of mountains).
Ancient Greeks began to move from the mainland to parts of Asia and Africa because land was taken.
Ancient Greeks used the seas for fishing.
Grapes, olives, vegetables, fruits, and they harvested honey.
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Religion
What rules did people have to follow?
What factors contributed to the development of this religion or belief system?
What do the people believe?
How do their rules and beliefs affect their lives?
How did religion shape other aspects of this society/civilization?
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Ancient Greeks believed oracles spoke to gods to get advice.
Ancient Greeks developed gods and goddesses to help explain natural occurrences.
Ancient Greeks believed the gods and goddesses represented different aspects of human life.
Ancient Greeks would sacrifices animals to the gods, hold festivals to honor the gods, and hold sporting events.
Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Athena, Artemis, Aphrodite
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Achievements
How did achievements contribute to the development of this civilization?
What did they contribute to the world?
How were these achievements related to the needs of this civilization?
What achievements are relevant today?
How have they affected order in the world today?
What did they invent?
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Ancient Greeks had achievements in geography, Medicine, biology, astronomy, architecture, government, literature, history, mathematics, theatre, sports
These achievements helped make Ancient Greece one of the best civilizations in our history.
We still use math, play sports (Olympics), use the Greek style of architecture, use Greek types of government, think about medicine in a different way, we now have movies, writing down history, studying plants, studying space and reading maps.
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Political
What was their government like?
What was the context that led to the development of these political ideas or practices?
Who made the decisions in the society?
Who participated in government?
Evaluate the benefits and limitations of these political structures and ideas.
How are the political structures of today similar or different from those of this civilization?
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Ancient Greeks used four different types of government which were Monarchy, Oligarchy, Democracy, and Tyranny.
Monarchy – Rule by one person
Oligarchy – Rule by a few people (Sparta)
Tyranny – One person takes power by force
Democracy – All citizens share power. (Athens)
In the United States we use a different form of democracy.
For benefits and limitations look at Page 68 Types of Government Report card.
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Economic
How did the society distribute their resources?
Did they trade or use money?
What did they sell or trade?
What did they need to get from outside of their civilization?
Who and how was economy controlled?
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Both Athens and Sparta farmed for their food
Athens bought, sold, and traded for goods they did not have.
Sparta discouraged trade so they made their money iron bars.
Athens had a coin system.
In Sparta they would attack neighbors and steal their goods and take people for slaves.
In Ancient Greece the governments controlled the economy.
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Social Structure
What were their social class systems?
Why did these social structures exist?
Who benefited and who was harmed by these social structures?
Who was considered more important in their society?
How did the social structure connect to this civilization’s religion, politics, and economics?
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Middle Class – Metics – Free men and usually involved in trading and manufacturing jobs.
Lower Class – Freedman – Were once slaves and are now free. Not considered citizens.
Slaves – Captured soldiers. Had very little rights and were property of their masters. Could buy their freedom
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