Giuseppe Mazzini

AP European History P.1

March 27, 2013

Italian Unification

1. 
   Major People
   

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  1) Giuseppe Mazzini- was given the leadership of romantic republican nationalism after failure of nationalist uprisings
  
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  Founded the Young Italy Society to drive Austria from the peninsula and establish an Italian republic
  
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  2) Giuseppe Garibaldi- republican nationalist
  
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  During his campaign captured Palermo
  
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  In September 1860, controlled city and kingdom of Naples
  
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  Nationalism won over his republicanism and accepted Piedmontese domination
  
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  3) Count Camillo Cavour- prime minister chosen by Victor Emmanuel I in 1852
  
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  Began politically as a conservative, but moved slowly towards a moderately liberal position
  
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  Was nationalist that was a strong monarchist and rejected republicanism
  
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  Idea was economic and material required a large, unified Italian state
  
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  Believed that if Italians proved themselves efficient, that the great powers might let Italy govern itself
  
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  Recognized the need to capture the loyalties of those who believed in other varieties of nationalism
  
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  Also believed only French intervention could defeat Austria and unite Italy
  
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  Opposed Mazzini
  
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  4) Victor Emmanuel I- appointed Count Cavour
  
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  5) Victor Emmanuel II- in March 1861 was proclaimed king of Italy
  
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  6) Napoleon III- impressed by Count Cavour’s intelligence and political capacity
  
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  Saw Piedmont as a potential ally against Austria
  
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  Plotted with Count Cavour to provoke a war in Italy that would permit them to defeat Austria
  

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   Major Terms
   

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