Early Civilization
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| Nationalism
Italy
Mazzini- natinalistic thinker, began the fight for unifcation of Italy Cavour
Garabaldi – used guerilla warfare with his troop theRed Shirts, final unification of Italy 1871 Germany
Otto von Bismark- Germany needed “blood and iron” to unify (fighting and weapons) Imperialism Scramble for Africa- Europeans fight to get colonies as Africa is full of natural resources Berlin Conference- meeting of European countries to decide how to “split up Africa” without asking African peoples Zulus
M.A.I.N. Causes Militarinism – build up of armies and weapons Alliances – smaller controls band together promising to fight Imperialism – stronger countries take over weaker ones Nationalism – countries feel pride for their people/cultures Central Powers (Austria, Germany, Italy) vs. Triple Entente (Britain, France and later the USA) Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand – spark that started WW1 Alsace & Lorraine – area of France , fought over it by Germany and France Leaders for Britain- , France
, Germany – Kaiser Wilhelm II , United States - Wilson Trench Warfare- muddy, nasty, resulted in stalemate(s) New Technologies- machine guns, tanks, poisonous gas Schlieffen Plan Armistice- war stops, treaty signed Nov 11, 1918 Zimmerman Note- Germany tried to engage Mexico into fighting the US with promise Mexico would get its lands back from US (lost during US Mexican War) Lusitania – cruise liner sank (by German U-Boat) killing hundreds, including Americans Propaganda- exaggerated stories/pictures to persuade people to do something Fourteen Points-Wilson’s ideas to prevent future wars, Congress did not pass League of Nations- alliance of European countries, fore runner of NATO Treaty of Versailles- sanctions taken against Germany…..see below B.R.A.T. BLame – Germany would take full blame for the war Reparations – Germany would pay monies to help rebuild other countries Army Limited – Germany would not be allowed to build weapons or have a large army Territory Lost- Germany lost significant amounts of land, including Alsace-Lorraine) Europe Before and After WWI – creation of new countries Russian Revolution- Monarchy overthrown, Bolsheviks take over (Communists)
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