Copy of MassiveReivew

● Ingroup: “US” – ppl w whom we share a common identity
● Outgroup: “them” – ppl perceived as different or not part of the group
● Ingroup bias tendency to favor our own group
● Scapegoat theory prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone else to blame
● Ethnocentrism tendency to see your own group as more important than others
● Just-world phenomenon tendency for ppl to believe that the world is just and therefore ppl get what they deserve
(homeless ppl)
AGGRESSION
● Genetic influence runs in families, can breed for in animals
● Lower serotonin, higher testosterone
● Environmental influence social learning theory (BANDURA) – observing violence in others makes us more violent fora time
o Also pollution, crowding, heat, humidity
● Frustration-aggression hypothesis:
frustration creates anger, which leads to aggression
ATTRACTION
● Mere exposure effect repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them
(the more time you spend around something the more you like it)
● Physical attractiveness pretty ppl are thought to be more credible, less likely to do bad things
● Similarity we prefer ppl similar to us
● Passionate Love Early stage of romance intense pos. obsession w another (due to arousal)
● Companionate Love Later stage – deep attachment to someone who your life is intertwined w - best with equality and
self-disclosure (revealing intimate details about self)
ALTRUISM
● Altruism: unselfish regard for the welfare of others Bystander effect the more ppl around the less likely we are to help someone in need (Kitty Genovese)
● Social exchange theory social behavior
(helping) is an exchange process – aim is to maximize benefits and minimize cost Reciprocity norm we give so we can get
CONFLICT
● Social trap conflicting parties pursue their own best interests, which can result in destructive results (prisoners dilemma game theory Approach approach conflict win – win situation conflict is which win you have to choose (you can eat out at ONE of your two favorite restaurants – you can only choose one though Approach avoidance conflict win – lose situation outcome has positive and negative aspects (marriage Avoidance avoidance conflict : lose lose both outcomes are bad but you have to choose one (clean your room or do your homework Multiple approach avoidance conflict:
two (or more) win-lose situations conflict is which to choose (College A is good for your major but no scholarship, College Bis bad for your major but has a scholarship)
SOCIAL SELF Self-concept bias what we consider important in ourselves is what we consider important in others False-consensus effect we overestimate the degree to which everyone else thinks acts the way we dob Self-fulfilling prophecy a belief that leads to its own fulfillment (I expect you all to pass, you know this, you study fulfilling my prophecy Self-serving bias readiness to perceive ourselves as favorably Spotlight effect (self-objectification) :
tendency of an individual to overestimate the extent to which others are paying attention to them
FRQ TIPS Define then Apply the term. B.S.
what you don’t know!