Chapter 31: China, Section 1: The Emergence of Modern China

Chapter 31: China, Section 1: The Emergence of Modern China

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  1930’s: ______________________ invaded ______________________, a northern province in China
  
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  Invasion forced the ______________________ and ______________________to work together
  
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  ___________: 2 parties fought each other
  
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  ______________________: Successful
  
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    Many popular ______________________: lowering peasants’ rent
    
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  1949: Nationalists defeated
  
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  October 1, 1949 the ________________________________________ was established
  

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  ___________________________ and the Nationalists fled to Taiwan
  
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  Set up a ______________________ government in Taiwan
  
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  Claimed his government represented ______________________
  
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  Vowed one day to ______________________ China
  
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  1971: ______________________ recognize the government of mainland China as the official government of China
  

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  China in ______________________ after the war
  
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  Mao wanted to ______________________ agricultural productivity
  
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  Established __________________________________
  
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    People work ____________________ and ___________________ whatever they harvest
    
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  1956:10 million families, _________ of all Chinese peasants were relocated to collective farms
  

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  China ______________________ to meet ______________________ goals
  
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  1958: The ______________________ ________________ into Communism
  
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  ______________________ Settlements: Self-sufficient
  
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    Contained both ______________________ and ______________________
    
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  Resembled life in the ______________________
  
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  ______________________ officials made all the ______________________
  

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  ______________________ fell
  
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  ______________________ life in the communes
  
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  Received the ____________________________________ regardless of the amount they produced
  
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    _________________________________ for people to ______________________ hard
    
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  1960: Government ______________________ The Great Leap Forward campaign
  

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  Many people ______________________ Mao
  
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  Response: More ______________________ measures were needed to ______________________ China
  
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  1966: _____________________________________
  
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  Smash the _________________completely to establish a new, _________________society
  

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  ______________________ of radical young men and women
  
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  Destroy the Four Olds:____________________________________________________________
  
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  Anyone who disagreed with Mao were ______________________ humiliated, beaten, or killed
  
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  People lost their ______________________, imprisoned, or sent to the country to work as peasants
  

“To Rebel is justified”

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  Farm production ______________________
  
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  Factories ______________________ running
  
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  ______________________ closed
  
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  Cultural Revolution, enormous ______________________
  
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    Hundreds of thousands of ______________________ people were jailed or driven into the remote, rural areas
    
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    Entire ______________________ of young people lost their chance for an ______________________
    

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  1976 ______________________dies
  
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  _______________________________: Wanted to continue the Cultural Revolution
  
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  _______________________________: Wanted to end Maoism
  

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  Improve: ________________________________________________________________________
  

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  ______________________rented land to individual farm families
  
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  ______________________could decide what to grow
  
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  ______________________with the government: provide crops at a certain price
  
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  Families free to sell ______________________
  
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  Chance to make more ______________________led farmers to ______________________their production
  

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  ___________: Heavy Industry which ___________________iron, steel, and machines used in other industries
  
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  1976: Chinese ______________________outdated and inefficient
  
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  ______________________Goals:
  
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    ________________________________: Changed to light industry
    
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    Increase production: More decision-making power to ____________________and an incentive system
    

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  China’s ______________________________
  
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  Near ______________________and ______________________
  
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  Hoped to ______________________foreign capital, companies, and technology
  
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  Enormously ______________________
  

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  Economic growth: ______________________
  
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  ______________________regions grew rich but interiorChina left behind
  
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  ______________________of people ______________________from rural China into the cities
  
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  Plan for more Special Economic Zones for the ____________________and _________________
  
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  ______________________is stronger ______________________than it has ever been