Aztec vs. Inca (Use website: mayaaztecinca com for help) Aztecs Incas Political

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Name _______________________________ Per:3 Ch:11 Page:3 Aztec vs. Inca (Use website: mayaaztecinca.com for help) Aztecs Incas Political Forms of gvt./rulers Type of empire Revolts/revolutions Gained power through alliances, intermarriage, warfare, and control of irrigation Got tribute after defeating people Gvt. controlled land and resources and redistributed them Allowed local rulers to remain in power as long as loyal to Aztec Pachacuti = emperor who united allyus (clans) and began empire in 1438 Capital was Cuzco Had huge bureaucracy (ruled over huge area), allowed local leaders to rule Environmental Migrations Patterns of settlement Technology Demography and disease Central Mexico, densely populated with over 150,000 people Capital, Tenochtitlan, an island in Lake Texcoco Chinampas = irrigation system of floating islands used to feed the people Located in Andes Mountains Empire stretched 3,000 miles and had 9-13 million people (w/different ethnicities and languages) Roads built through mountains w/tambos (rest stops) Had terrace farming, and large building and irrigation projects Cultural Religion Science and technology Art and architecture Borrowed from earlier cultures, especially Toltec Polytheism, religion stressed sacrifice Sacrifice used as means of terror against neighbors Weren’t much more advanced than previous people in area (no wheel) Polytheistic w/sun god at the top Ancestor worship was big Split inheritance (each ruler had to gain wealth for eternity) was reason for conquest Good metalworkers, but no wheel Quipu – knotted strings in place of writing system (used for numbers) Economic Agriculture Trade and commerce Economic system Labor systems Industrialization Agriculture most important (maize) Lack of technology meant growing food very labor intensive Government regulated weekly markets Pochteca = long-distance merchants, played important role, regulated tribute collected Government controlled and redistributed resources and land Government had large irrigation and building projects Each area conquered aimed at being self-sufficient No merchant class (trade not important b/c self-sufficient) Social Gender roles Family and kinship Racial/ethnic constructions Social/economic classes Had social classes: nobles, merchants, peasants, slaves Calpulli = clans that each controlled parts of Tenochtitlan Women subordinate to men As time went on, nobles gained power and land, and calpulli lost power Women were weavers and cared for the temples Emphasis on military a reason women subordinate to men Noble class held a lot of power Directory: erubin -> Documents Documents -> Chapter 21 Outline – Africa and Africans in the Age of the Atlantic Slave Trade IV. The Early Modern Era Documents -> Chapter 28 Outline – International Contacts and Conflicts, 1914-1999 VI. The Present Era Documents -> Unit V: Age of Revolution (1750– 1914) Scientific Revolution Documents -> Chapter 30 Outline – Russia and Eastern Europe VI. The Present Era Documents -> Chapter 23 Outline – The Industrialization of the West, 1760-1914 V. The Dawn of the Industrial Age, 1750-1914 Documents -> Chapter 31 Outline – Japan and the Pacific Rim VI. The Present Era Download 12.24 Kb. Share with your friends: