3. 3 Why Do People Migrate? Push factors
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3.3 Why Do People Migrate?Push factorsIncentives for people to leaveDisaster, political strife, economic downturnPull factorsIncentives that attract immigrants to a placeEconomic opportunity, pleasant climate, familyDrought in Abala, NigerFlooded MississippiFloodplain – the area surrounding a river subject to floodingCan be associated with a certain number of years100-year floodplainPlace UtilityA measure of a person’s satisfaction or dissatisfaction with a placeCase Study: IrelandMigration trends can change dramatically over time1850s – severe economic out-migration1990s – economic prosperity made Ireland a destination, especially for Eastern European immigrants2008 recession pushed them back into out-migrationRust BeltNorthern industrial states once dominated by heavy industry1960s-1980s, economic base moved away to booming areas of US and abroad for cheaper laborResults were population loss and urban decayOld machinery rusted in the moist northern climateSun BeltRegion that has grown most dramatically since WWIIPrimarily due to immigration for weatherCotton BeltThe term by which the American South used to be knownAgricultural economy historically dominated by cottonNow known as the New South or part of Sun BeltQuestion Time!How might distance decay affect migration?What are some push and pull factors that you’ve experienced?What factors motivated your family/ancestors to migrate?RefugeePeople who left their home country as involuntary migrantsVery little property carriedLittle access to transportationOften no official documentsMay seek asylumProtection granted by destination countryAsylum seeker – someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugeeInternally Displaced Person (IDP)A forced internal migrantGuest WorkerImmigrants that were temporarily allowed to immigrate to workProtected by minimum wage, labor union contracts, etcExpected to return homeMany in Europe stayed and started familiesEurope’s guest workersGerman and other affluent European nations had guest worker programs in the 1960s and 70s14 of 16 countries with highest per capita income are in Northern and Western EuropePull factorChina’s Migrant Workers40 million Chinese citizens live in other countries30 million in SE Asia5 million in N America2 million in EuropeNow neighbors are coming for factory jobsEspecially from VietnamTiny in number compared to internal migrantsSW Asia’s Migrant WorkersSouthwest Asia (the Middle East)Wealthy oil regions attract immigrants from poorer neighboring countries (Egypt, Yemen)Late 20th centuryMany immigrants from South and Southeast AsiaIndia, Pakistan, Philippines, ThailandPoor working conditionsConflict2011 Philippines stated that only Israel and Oman were safe for Filipino workersOil producing countries have resistance to the presence of workersFears of sparking political unrest or undermining traditional Islamic customsQuestion Time!Why would street cleaning or construction jobs be attractive for immigrants to Europe or SW Asia?Chain migrationIndividuals follow the migratory path of preceding friends or family to an existing communityRemittancesMoney sent home from an immigrant workerTrail of TearsIndian Removal Act of 1830Authorized the US Army to forcibly move 5 tribes to Oklahoma46,000 individuals25 million acres for white settlementTraditional subsistence became impossibleCase Study: Sahel Forced MigrationDrought in the Sahel region of northern AfricaPastoral nomadsSustainable at low densityPastoralists in MaliCase Study: Columbia Forced MigrationColumbia380,000 people forced to flee their homes in 2008Due to fighting between security forces and guerilla groupsCase Study: North Korea Forced MigrationNorth KoreaPredominately leave for economic reasonsPolitical and ideological factors also significantSouth Korea offers citizenship to all North KoreansTechnically at war with one another since the Korean war (1950-1953)Directory: uploads uploads -> Necessity of ending the economic, commercial and financial blockade imposed by the United States of America against Cuba uploads -> Raíces y Sueños: the Artistry of Cuba Call for Art – Exhibit Application uploads -> Why did democracy develop in Britain after 1850? Introduction uploads -> Draft land restitution policy uploads -> Chapter 10: a new civilization emerges in western europe uploads -> Landmark Supreme Court Cases uploads -> Civil Rights Movement Unit Summary uploads -> Lesson plan template Download 26.95 Kb. Share with your friends:
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