Ap european History: Exam 100 pts Name

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The economic basis of 18th-century life was:

52)

______

A)

regional trade.

B)

industry.

C)

intellectual property.

D)

international trade.

E)

land.

53)

All of the following were features of the Russian Charter of Nobility EXCEPT:

53)

______

A)

Nobles could transmit noble status to a spouse or children.

B)

considerable power over serfs.

C)

requiring that nobles serve in the military.

D)

judicial protection of noble rights and property.

E)

exemption from personal taxes.

54)

The smallest, wealthiest, and best defined aristocracy resided in:

54)

______

A)

Spain.

B)

France.

C)

Germany.

D)

Austria.

E)

Great Britain.

55)

The term "Old Regime" has come to refer to:

55)

______

A)

the social, political, and economic relationships that were prevalent in Europe before the French Revolution.

B)

the gradual transition of Europe's monarchies to that of democracies and republics.

C)

the system of taxation employed by most of Europe's monarchs prior to 1848.

D)

the economic policies that existed across Europe before the 18th-century Industrial Revolution.

E)

the social and political infrastructure that existed before the Protestant Reformation.

56)

Based upon your knowledge of the text, which of the following is the most plausible cause of the witch hunts:

56)

______

A)

witches were primarily women and since women bore children that were causing an economic and scientific panic, they were to blame.

B)

the droughts causing famine, especially in Ireland, led to the death of many, and since the witches claimed to control the weather, they were to blame.

C)

the corrupt government needed a distracter from the bad publicity and since the same women that were suspected witches were spreading the news of corruption, politicians saw witch hunts as an answer to both their problems.

D)

large numbers of men and women were actually engaged in witchcraft.

E)

religious division and warfare threatened the security of society and the witches were the scapegoats of a social panic.

57)

About what percentage of people accused of witchcraft in the witch hunts were women?

57)

______

A)

100 percent

B)

80 percent

C)

50 percent

D)

30 percent

E)

10 percent

58)

According to Pascal's famous wager:

58)

______

A)

salvation was a matter of pure chance.

B)

it is best to live life to the fullest, regardless of your religious beliefs, and if God does exist, seek forgiveness near the end of your life.

C)

it is best to believe God exists and stake everything to gain the lot; if God should prove not to exist, comparatively little will be lost.

D)

it is best to believe that God does not exist so that if he does exist, you will be joyful rather than disappointed.

E)

only one person in a hundred would be saved.

59)

Hobbes saw human beings as:

59)

______

A)

basically just.

B)

self-centered creatures.

C)

basically good.

D)

lower than the lowest animals.

E)

naturally docile.

60)

According to Hobbes, human beings escape the terrible state of nature by:

60)

______

A)

becoming selfless and obeying others.

B)

agreeing to live by the golden rule.

C)

abolishing monarchy.

D)

embracing Christianity.

E)

naturally being sociable.

61)

Which of the following is true of Johannes Kepler?

61)

______

A)

He was a fierce opponent of Tycho Brahe.

B)

He described the forces that produced planetary orbits.

C)

He was a strict Aristotelian.

D)

He set forth the first astronomical model that actually portrayed the motion of the planets as elliptical.

E)

He was a strict Copernican.

62)

St. Petersburg:

62)

______

A)

exemplified Russia's new orientation to the West.

B)

had been an important city for centuries when Peter the Great made it his capital.

C)

was completed in 1709, but not inhabited until Russia defeated Sweden.

D)

was given that name by Lenin after the 1917 Russian Revolution.

E)

was built on the Gulf of Sweden.

63)

Under the Peace of Nystad in 1721, Russia gained control of:

63)

______

A)

Livonia, Sweden, and part of Finland.

B)

Livonia, Latvia, and Finland.

C)

Finland, Sweden, and Latvia.

D)

Estonia, Livonia, and part of Finland.

E)

Estonia, Latvia, and part of Finland.

64)

Under Peter the Great, Russia's boyars:

64)

______

A)

launched two devastating insurrections.

B)

gained power.

C)

became the primary agents of modernization.

D)

were exiled to Siberia.

E)

lost much of their power.

65)

Which of the following was NOT true of 17th- and 18th-century Poland?

65)

______

A)

Most of the Polish monarchs were foreigners and the tools of foreign powers.

B)

The liberum veto prohibited any member of the diet from accepting bribes.

C)

Polish nobles excluded town leaders from power.

D)

The Polish monarchy was elective.

E)

The Polish nobles had a central legislative body called the Sejm, or diet.

66)

Which of the following dynasties is correctly identified with the region it ruled?

66)

______

A)

Sejm dynasty in Poland

B)

Romanov dynasty in Austria

C)

Habsburgs' dynasty in Russia

D)

Hohenzollern dynasty in Prussia

E)

Havel dynasty in Bohemia

67)

The chief feature of 18th-century French political life was the:

67)

______

A)

attempt of the nobility to use its authority to limit the power of the monarchy.

B)

lack of leadership on behalf of Louis XIV.

C)

protest by the peasantry to gain more influence and representation in Parliament.

D)

absence of sustained periods of warfare.

E)

failure of the nobility to dominate the Parliament.

68)

John Law believed that:

68)

______

A)

France should dramatically increase its level of taxation.

B)

the government that governed least governed best.

C)

France should abandon its overseas colonies.

D)

an increase in the paper-money supply would stimulate France's economic recovery.

E)

halt of gold payments in France was absolutely necessary.

69)

Robert Walpole (1676-1745) derived his political power from all of the following EXCEPT:

69)

______

A)

his leadership abilities in the House of Commons.

B)

his ability to maintain peace abroad.

C)

his control of government patronage.

D)

the support of the monarchy.

E)

his collaboration with leading Catholics.

70)

The Petition of Right required all of the following EXCEPT:

70)

______

A)

Parliament would meet and confer at least every six months, regardless of whether it was summoned by the monarch.

B)

No freeman should be imprisoned without due cause.

C)

Troops not be billeted in private homes.

D)

All male subjects with property worth more than 5 pounds would have the vote.

E)

No forced loans or taxation without the consent of Parliament could be imposed.

71)

Charles I might have ruled indefinitely without Parliament had his religious policies not provoked war with:

71)

______

A)

Spain.

B)

the Netherlands.

C)

Scotland.

D)

Ireland.

E)

France.

72)

Which of the following is true of the Netherlands:

72)

______

A)

The nation refused to allow Roman Catholics or Jews to live within its borders.

B)

Agriculture was the basis of the Dutch economy.

C)

Toleration marked Dutch religious life where peoples of differing religious faiths lived together peacefully.

D)

Only Protestants were allowed within the Netherlands; Roman Catholics were forced to convert within six months of their residency in the Netherlands.

E)

The Calvinist Reformed Church was the established church and the only legitimate form of organized religion.

73)

In the 1560s, Heidelberg was an intellectual center for:

73)

______

A)

German Calvinism.

B)

German Catholicism.

C)

German Lutheranism.

D)

advances in industry and economics.

E)

the Scientific Revolution.

74)

Sixteenth-century Germany was:

74)

______

A)

divided into three large kingdoms.

B)

unified under a centralized government.

C)

ruled by separate entities with their own tariffs, tolls, and money.

D)

unified through the Peace of Augsburg (1555).

E)

more powerful than France and England combined.

75)

Bavaria was a major center of:

75)

______

A)

Catholic power.

B)

Calvinist power.

C)

Anabaptist agitation.

D)

Lutheran power.

E)

textile production.

1)

A

2)

D

3)

B

4)

C

5)

C

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